INCA-19A
John Jenkins Designs
Not yet Released - expected in mid-September.
The Inca Empire was unique in that it lacked many of the features associated with civilization in the old world. The Incas were able to construct one of the greatest imperial states in human history without the use of the wheel, draft animals, knowledge of iron or steel, or even a system of writing.
They were also capable of monumental architecture, especially the use of stonework, extensive road networks reaching all corners of the empire, finely woven textiles, use of knotted strings for record keeping and communication, agricultural innovations and production in a difficult environment, and the organization and management fostered or imposed on its people and their labour.
The Inca Empire functioned largely without money and without markets. Instead, exchange of goods and services was based on reciprocity between individuals and among individuals, groups, and Inca rulers. Taxes consisted of a labour obligation of a person to the Empire. The Inca rulers reciprocated by granting access to land and goods and providing food and drink in celebratory feasts for their subjects.
The Sapa Inca was the monarch of the Inca Empire, as well as ruler of the earlier kingdom of Cusco. Whilst the origins of the position are mythical and originate from the legendary foundation of the city of Cusco, it seems to have come into being historically around 1100AD.
Although the Inca believed the Sapa to be the son of Inti (the Inca sun god) the position eventually became hereditary, with son succeeding father. The Sapa Inca was at the top of the social hierarchy, and played a dominant role in the political and spiritual realm.